Determine whether you want to measure a trait, ability, emotional state, disorder, interest, attitude, or other construct

Determine whether you want to measure a trait, ability, emotional state, disorder, interest, attitude, or other construct:

Ability, such as musical skill, writing skill, intelligence, or reading comprehension, Personality Trait, such as extroversion, creativity, or deviousness, Disorder, such as anxiety, depression, or psychotic thought disorder, Emotion, such as happiness or anger, Attitude, such as authoritarianism or prejudice, Interest, such as career-related interests.

Other: ____________________________

This test is meant to measure a variety of issues concerning the client. I wish to measure the emotion state of the client.

Describe the specific construct you want to measure in a word or two: __happiness or anger_____

Now describe the construct using several sentences. What behaviors are associated with the construct? Does it include more than one quality or dimension?

An emotion is a state of arousal that is characterized by the changes or alteration off feeling tone as well as psychological behavioral changes (Cherry, 2018). The emotion is usually manifested externally through the effect: a pervasive and sustained state of emotion, mood, grief, joy, fear and anger. Emotion state includes more than one quality dimension where it can be expressed physically like crying, laughing or a variety of facial expression or it cannot be expressed by the person either willingly or unwillingly.

Describe your process for initially generating items. Will you interview experts? Review textbooks or journal articles? Look at diagnostic criteria in the DSM?

For me to generate items at the initial stage, I will conduct an extensive review of the existing literatures. Valid literatures like text books and peer-reviewed journals will be important because they have case studies on emotions and thus will offer a clear insight on the subject of emotion state.

Think about the format and phrasing of your items. For instance, some tests use first-person statements, such as “I enjoy swimming,” while others use questions, such as “Do you enjoy swimming?” Other tests might use single-word prompts, such as “Swimming,” and ask for the test-taker to rate this and other words on a scale of 1–5 in order to indicate the degree of interest or enjoyment. Some tests use pictures rather than words, and some are administered to an informant other than the client, such as a parent or work supervisor.

When interacting with my client, I will be using personal questions like “do you enjoy swimming” to get response. However, I will not be tied down to this approach, there will be instances where I will ask the client to rate an aspect, for instance to rate how happy he/she is on a scale of 1-10.

Think about the response format for your items. Yes/No responses or a Likert scale are popular for personality tests. If you use a Likert scale, consider how many response options there will be and whether your scale will have a neutral midpoint. Multiple-choice is a format that is familiar in academic tests. (Some tests use open-ended responses, but this is difficult to score and too complex for this exercise.)

The response format will be simple and require short answers. Basically the questions themselves will be short and straight to the point to enable easy responses. For instance they will include responses like yes/no to a question like “are you happy”, and then specify, “On a scale of 1-5, how happy are you”. Multiple choices will be used just to make the response as simple as possible, and maybe a few open ended questions about the mood if the client (Morgan, 2002).

Now write one typical item for your test, demonstrating your item and response format:

From the test, one item I would likely ask my client is “what do you do when you are angry at someone?” I will listen to their response and ask them if what they do helps them manage their anger, and rate their actions on a scale of 1-10 if they are justifiable.

How many items will your initial test include? Keep in mind that you need to create about twice as many test items initially, because you will discard about half of them during your item analysis.

I will include 5 items and they will be joy, grief, fear, anger and excitement

The Develop Test Items

This scale is intended to estimate your happiness or anger over the last past 6 weeks with your life in each of the areas listed below. Ask yourself the following question as you rate each area:

How happy or angry am I with this area of my life?

You are to circle one of the numbers (1-5) beside each area. Numbers toward the left indicate various degrees of unhappiness, while numbers toward the right reflect various levels of happiness or anger. In general, state according to the numerical scale (1-5) exactly how you feel about these areas of your life.

Neither

Happy

Very Nor Very

Happy Happy Happy Angry Angry

How Happy or Angry are you with Drinking	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are you with Drug Use	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are you with your Job or Education	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Finances	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Friendships	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Health	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Exercise	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Nutrition	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Sleep	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Family Relationships	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Personal Relationships	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Sex life	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Leisure time	1	2	3	4	5
How Happy or Angry are your with Personal Life	1	2	3	4	5

This survey intended to estimate your happiness or anger over the last past 6 months by answering the following questions below. Ask yourself the following question as you rate each area:

You are to place answer yes or no to the following questions below. In general, please check according to how you feel about the following questions relating to everyday life.

YES NO

I can find the good in most of the disagreeable people
I can find something positive in even the most difficult situations
When people upset me, I find ways to calm myself down
When I get angry, I call friends or family to talk to
Sometimes I feel lonely or isolated from the outside world
I feel angry when family or friends do not contact me for a long period of time
When I feel angry, I shut down completely
I feel happy when I can come up with solutions for my problems on my own
When I’m feeling down, I remind myself to focus on the good things in my life instead of the bad.
I refuse to give up, no matter how angry I get
I find it’s better not to get my hopes up, so that I don’t end up disappointed
Even when life throws storms at me I am still happy
I get angry when I cannot rely on others for help
I am happy when I can look after myself
I am happy when I can be myself

This is a Two Part Discussion: Each part is a 1-3 paragraph answer.

Part 1

In order to compare individuals to a population, that population must be sampled using a standardization sample, also referred to as a norm group. This group represents the population for which a test is intended. There are a number of important considerations when choosing a test’s standardization sample, such as how large your sample needs to be and how you plan to access your participants and induce them to participate. You may also need to consider whether the participants should be representative of the general population or of a specialized subpopulation and how diverse the sample should be. You may have general norms or separate norms according to demographic characteristics, such as age and gender. How to address these considerations depends on the goals of your assessment and will affect the test interpretation.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post an explanation of the three most important considerations related to sampling that you would need to address in this project. Explain how you might ensure that your sample represents the population of interest.

Part 2

The data that you collect from your norm group are called normative data. These data allow you to see what the results of your test instrument should be, so that you have a standardized score against which to compare others. In other words, the data allow you to equate scores across different tests of the same construct and let you compare individuals to each other. Now that you have considered sampling the population of interest for your proposed test instrument, you explore how you might optimally define your sample and collect your data if you had unlimited resources. Although it may not always be possible for practical reasons to do this in real life, this exercise nevertheless provides you with a valuable thought experiment.

As you complete this experiment, keep in mind that even with optimal sample definition and data collection, test norms are not absolute. They can change with time or with a different norm group.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post a description of the information you anticipate collecting through you’re the proposed project instrument. Then explain how you would optimally define your sample and collect your data if you had unlimited resources. Finally, explain advantages and disadvantages of your chosen data collection method. Support your response using Learning Resources and the current literature.