Cardiovascular System

Answer each of the questions below using information gathered from your readings, lectures, and outside research. You should provide at least a paragraph response for each of the questions.

1. Describe the physical characteristics       and primary function of red blood cells? What is hemoglobin and what       specific tests involving hemoglobin can help with the diagnosis of anemia?       How does iron deficiency play a role in anemia?
2. Trace the pathway of a single red blood       cell through the pulmonary and systemic circuits starting with the right       atrium. Name all chambers, valves, and vessels that this RBC passes       through in the correct sequence.
3. In addition to anatomical adaptations of       veins, which include one-way valves and a layer of smooth muscle in the       tunica media, there are 2 physiological factors that influence return of       blood to the heart from the systemic system. Name and describe these two       physiological factors and how they function in venous return.
4. List the components of the cardiac       conduction system, starting with the sinoatrial node. Explain how       disruptions in the normal functioning of this system can lead to various       cardiac arrhythmias such as tachycardia, bradycardia, ectopic pacemaker       rhythm, and fibrillation. Be sure to provide a brief definition of each of       the listed arrhythmias.
5. Thoroughly compare  and contrast arteries, veins, and capillaries. Be sure to emphasize both the  similarities and differences of these vessel types and provide examples of  each.