What were some variables the researchers controlled in their study? Why was this necessary?

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Assignment 3: The Mozart Effect

 

 

 

In this assignment, you will read an article about the Mozart effect and identify various parts of the research process. This exercise will help you learn how to read a research article and to understand the research process.

 

 

 

Read the following article:

 

•Rauscher, F. H., Shaw, G. L., & Ky, K. N. (1993). Music and spatial task performance. Nature, 365. 6447: 611. (October 14, 1993). (ProQuest Document ID 76004658).

 

 

 

In your article summary, respond to the following questions:

 

•State the research hypothesis in your own words. Identify the independent and dependent variables.

 

•What were some variables the researchers controlled in their study? Why was this necessary?

 

•What evidence do the researchers offer as a test of their hypothesis? Is this evidence empirical (observable)? Is it valid?

 

•What explanation do the researchers offer for their findings? Does the evidence justify this explanation?

 

 

 

Read the following article:

 

 

 

Jenkins, J.S. (2001). The Mozart effect. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 94, 170-172.

 

 

 

Based on your readings, respond to the following:

 

•Do you think there is any merit in the study (Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky, 1993)? Give three reasons for your position.

 

•Does the study take individual differences in spatial ability into account? Explain your answer.

 

•What are two ways in which the experiment could be modified to make the results more generalizable?

 

 

 

Write a 5–6-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M1_A3.doc.

 

 

 

By Wednesday, April 15, 2015, deliver your assignment to the M1: Assignment 3 Dropbox.

 

 

 

Assignment 3 Grading Criteria

 

Maximum Points

 

 

 

Accurately identified and described the research hypothesis and variables studied in the research article. Identified any control variables, and explained the necessity of controlling them.

 

12

 

 

 

Evaluated validity of the evidence presented as a test of the hypothesis in the research article.

 

12

 

 

 

Evaluated interpretation of results in the research article.

 

12

 

 

 

Critically assessed the merit of the research study providing at least three reasons.

 

12

 

 

 

Evaluated whether the test took into account individual differences in spatial ability giving reasons.

 

12

 

 

 

Suggested at least two ways to modify the experiment to make the results more generalizable.

 

20

 

 

 

Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.

 

20

 

 

 

Total:

 

100

 

Go to the Doc Sharing area for a document explaining the important parts of a journal article. This document will help you complete your paper more successfully.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Mozart Effect

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Abstract

 

 

 

The Mozart Effect is a phenomenon that occurs when individuals listen to the two piano sonata.  The stated results are individuals that are able to remember information easier.  There are two studies that were conducted in associated with the Mozart Effect.  The first study was dedicated to spatial skill performance and its neural pathway relation to music.  The other study was dedicated to challenging the first study due to the argument that any type of music that is appreciated can cause the same memory effect.  The second study was based on an experiment with unborn mice that heard Mozart’s piano sonata K448.  The other part of the study was related to the effects of Mozart’s piano sonata K448 on patients who were suffering from epilepsy.  The overall conclusion is that Mozart’s piano sonata K448 has positive effects on both animals and humans.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Keywords: Mozart Effect, spatial skill performance, memory, music, neurons, neural pathways, brain, rats, and epilepsy

 

 

 

The Mozart Effect

 

 

 

Research and conducting experiments is the most effective way possible to gain an answer.  The type of research is based on the situation, the hypothesis, and the resources the individual or group has on hand.  The purpose of this research paper is to examine the Mozart Effect from two different journals and answer questions based on the research materials.  The first article for examination is Music and spatial task performance.

 

 

 

Music and Spatial Task Performance

 

 

 

The Mozart Effect is essentially a study to determine if music helps individuals to accomplish tasks better.  Memory is definitely a factor in this study.  Rauscher, Shaw, Levine, and Ky (1993), hypothesized that a model of the brain and its pathways for neurons would prove that music and the ability to orient oneself with their environment can be seen using the same neural paths and they cover a large portion of the same areas in the brain.

 

 

 

A much simpler picture would be two cars driving down the same highway to get to similar locations.  The actual terminology used is spatial task performance.  A quick explanation of spatial ability is necessary to understand the important of the study.  Spatial skill deals with comprehension and memory related to spaces among objects (JHU).  This ability can be classified as an intelligence that is set apart from others such as verbal or reasoning.  It can be considered a fluid type of trait that evolves over time as people have different life experiences (JHU).

 

 

 

The significance of spatial ability is two-fold: in application and also in occupation.  In terms of application it is related to a person’s ability to perform at least two tasks at the same time.  For example: people who can eat and drive at the same time have developed this ability through spatial skill.  Just like experience work has its spatial skill requirements.  Occupations such as mathematics, natural sciences, and meteorology are included in the spatial skill classification (JUH).

 

 

 

Notice that these types of occupations often require research.  Two important components of research are the independent variable and the dependent variable.  In this study the independent variables are: Mozart’s sonata, college students, and three year olds (Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky, 1993).  The dependent variable in the study was memory (Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky, 1993).  The researchers focused on Mozart’s sonata which was a controlled variable because it was the only type of music they used.  This was necessary because the study itself was music specific i.e. Mozart’s sonata.  There were two other controlled variables college students and three year olds.

 

 

 

Controlling age ranges was important to see how memory was affected in children and adults, namely to see who remembered the most information for the longest period of time.  Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky (1993), presented data from two different studies: college students with improved short-term memory due to Mozart’s sonata, and three year olds with long-term advancements specifically in nonverbal cognitive abilities based on listening to Mozart’s sonata.

 

 

 

The evidence from this study was observable and valid.  The researchers Rauscher, Shaw, & Ky (1993) explained that infants possess the highest level of ability concerning memorization and the development of nonverbal cognitive skills.  As a person ages brain elasticity lessens and it becomes harder for a person to grasp new material specifically memory recall and implementation.  The evidence presented did justify the explanation and proved that music does travel along the same neural pathways as spatial ability.  The following is another study based on the Mozart Effect.

 

Developmental Assessment And School Age Child

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The needs of the pediatric patient differ depending on age, as do the stages of development and the expected assessment findings for each stage. In a 600-700-word paper, examine the needs of a school-aged child between the ages of 5 and 12 years old and discuss the following:

  1. Compare the physical assessments among school-aged children. Describe how you would modify assessment techniques to match the age and developmental stage of the child.
  2. Choose a child between the ages of 5 and 12 years old. Identify the age of the child and describe the typical developmental stages of children that age.
  3. Applying developmental theory based on Erickson, Piaget, or Kohlberg, explain how you would developmentally assess the child. Include how you would offer explanations during the assessment, strategies you would use to gain cooperation, and potential findings from the assessment.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance.

Applicable change or nursing theory utilized

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NOTE: PLEASE  FOLLOW EVERY INSTRUCTION CAREFULLY.. USE THE DOCUMENTS ATTACHED BELLOW TO COMPLETE THE ASSIGNMENT CORRECTLY. NO PLAGIARISM

Details:

In this assignment, students will pull together the change proposal project components they have been working on throughout the course to create a proposal inclusive of sections for each content focus area in the course. At the conclusion of this project, the student will be able to apply evidence-based research steps and processes required as the foundation to address a clinically oriented problem or issue in future practice.

Students will develop a 1,250-1,500 word paper that includes the following information as it applies to the problem, issue, suggestion, initiative, or educational need profiled in the capstone change proposal:

Background

Problem statement

Purpose of the change proposal

PICOT

Literature search strategy employed

Evaluation of the literature

Applicable change or nursing theory utilized

Proposed implementation plan with outcome measures

Identification of potential barriers to plan implementation, and a discussion of how these could be overcome

Appendix section, if tables, graphs, surveys, educational materials, etc. are created

Review the feedback from your instructor on the Topic 3 assignment, PICOT Statement Paper, and Topic 6 assignment, Literature Review. Use the feedback to make appropriate revisions to the portfolio components before submitting.

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Functional Health Pattern Analysis Worksheet

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In this assignment, you will be exploring actual and potential health problems in the childhood years using a functional health assessment and Erickson’s Stages of Child Development.

Cite and reference all sources used in your answers, Minimum of 3 references.  Include in your assessment a thorough discussion of Erickson’s Stages of Child Development as it pertains to the development age of the child.

NO PLAGIARISM

Deliverable 3 – Patient Satisfaction In Quality Improvement

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Course Scenario

Chaparral Regional Hospital is a small, urban hospital of approximately 60 beds, and offers the following:

  • Emergency room      services
  • Intensive care
  • Surgical care
  • Obstetrics
  • Diagnostic      services
  • Some      rehabilitation therapies
  • Inpatient      pharmacy services
  • Geriatric      services
  • Consumer      physician referral services

Recently, the CEO has been hearing complaints from both patients and staff, varying from long wait times to rude physicians. You have been hired to design and implement a Quality Improvement Plan to help uncover quality problems and to satisfactorily resolve them.

Scenario Continued

You started inviting various members of the organization to join you in the QI development team. You received an email back from the Chief Financial Officer who questioned the value of surveying patient satisfaction. You must craft an email response to her explaining the role of patient satisfaction in quality improvement and why it is important.

Instructions

Your email should use proper email formatting (including subject line description) and contain language appropriate to the receiver.

Emails are typically formatted in the following way:

1. Begin with a greeting

2. Thank the recipient

3. State your purpose

4. Add your closing remarks

5. End with a closing

Although an email does not typically include citations, you may have to provide support for your statements, particularly those that involve numerical statistics and quotes from other sources. You would cite this per APA in your email.

 

Deliverable 3 – Patient Satisfaction in Quality Improvement

Course Scenario

Chaparral Regional Hospital is a small, urban hospital of approximately 60 beds, and offers the following:

  • Emergency room services
  • Intensive care
  • Surgical care
  • Obstetrics
  • Diagnostic services
  • Some rehabilitation therapies
  • Inpatient pharmacy services
  • Geriatric services
  • Consumer physician referral services

Recently, the CEO has been hearing complaints from both patients and staff, varying from long wait times to rude physicians. You have been hired to design and implement a Quality Improvement Plan to help uncover quality problems and to satisfactorily resolve them.

Scenario Continued

You started inviting various members of the organization to join you in the QI development team. You received an email back from the Chief Financial Officer who questioned the value of surveying patient satisfaction. You must craft an email response to her explaining the role of patient satisfaction in quality improvement and why it is important.

Instructions

Your email should use proper email formatting (including subject line description) and contain language appropriate to the receiver.

Emails are typically formatted in the following way:

  1. Begin with a greeting
  2. Thank the recipient
  3. State your purpose
  4. Add your closing remarks
  5. End with a closing

Although an email does not typically include citations, you may have to provide support for your statements, particularly those that involve numerical statistics and quotes from other sources. You would cite this per APA in your email.

Grading Scale 

2 pages

Correctly defines patient satisfaction.

Discusses the importance a patient satisfaction survey.

Correctly defines examples of the relation of patient satisfaction and quality improvement.

Clearly provides sample questions that measure patient satisfaction.

The Prevalence of Co-Occurring Disorders:

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Max Points: 90
Details:

There are three parts to this essay. The first part focuses on prevalence; the second part focuses on symptoms of substance use disorders; and the third part focuses on the two systems of care (mental health and substance abuse/dependence). The length of the entire essay should be 750-1,000 words.

Part 1: The Prevalence of Co-Occurring Disorders:

The purpose of this part of the assignment is to identify the prevalence of co-occurring disorders. Read chapter 1, “Introduction,” in the Treatment Improvement Protocol, No. 42 and chapter 1 of the text. Answer the following questions regarding prevalence of COD (co-occurring disorders).

  1. What      is at least one statistical piece of information that you do not find      surprising? Explain why.
  2. Conversely,      what is at least one statistical piece of information that was interesting      or surprising? Explain why.

Part 2:Clinical Symptoms of Substance Use Disorders

The purpose of this part of the assignment is to become familiar with the diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders. Read pages 483-484 of the DSM-5. Answer the following question regarding substance use disorders.

  1. What      are the 11 criterion used for identifying and diagnosing a substance use      disorder? Provide a brief description of each.

Part 3: The Differences and Similarities in the Mental Health and Substance Abuse Systems:

The purpose of this part of the assignment is to examine the differences and similarities between the mental health and substance use disorder systems. Read the “Substance Abuse Treatment System” and “Mental Health Service System” sections from TIP No. 42, chapter 3, “Mental Health and Addiction Treatment Systems: Philosophical and Treatment Approach Issues,” in TIP 9, and chapter 7 of the text. Address the following:

  1. Describe      at least two differences and two similarities between the two systems.
  2. Discuss      the importance of using an integrated approach to treating a client with      co-occurring disorders.

Include at least three scholarly references in your paper.

Prepare this essay according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.

Module 08 Written Assignment – Individualized Health Promotion

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Using resources such as the CDC, state and county health department websites, and various local resources, identify an opportunity for improved health behavior in an individual client. Your paper should be 1 – 2 pages in length in addition to the cover page and reference page. You should use a minimum of three references to support your work.

Be sure to cover the following:

  • Identify an opportunity to for improved health behavior in an individualized client.
  • Identify short and long term goals for the achievement of the overall health goal.
  • Using Healthy People 2020, identify which problem you are working on improving.
  • Recognize local resources to aid in the resolution of the identified problem.
  • Assist in the evaluation in the response to interventions.

Assessing Clients (Psychiatric Advance Nursing Practicum)

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Learning Objectives Students will:  •Assess clients presenting for psychotherapy • Develop genograms for clients presenting for psychotherapy

To prepare: • Select a client whom you have observed or counseled at your practicum site. • Review pages 137–142 of the Wheeler text and the Hernandez Family Genogram video in this week’s Learning Resources. Reflect on elements of writing a Comprehensive Client Assessment and creating a genogram for the client you selected.

The Assignment

Part 1: Comprehensive Client Family Assessment With this client in mind, address the following in a Comprehensive Client Assessment (without violating HIPAA regulations):  •Demographic information  •Presenting problem  •History or present illness  •Past psychiatric history   •Medical history • Substance use history  •Developmental history  •Family psychiatric history   •Psychosocial history  •History of abuse/trauma  •Review of systems   •Physical assessment  •Mental status exam  •Differential diagnosis  •Case formulation  •Treatment plan

Part 2: Family Genogram Prepare a genogram for the client you selected. The genogram should extend back by at least three generations (great grandparents, grandparents, and parents).

Required Readings:

(1) Wheeler, K. (Ed.). (2014). Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for evidence-based practice (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company.

ATTACHED WITH THIS HOMEWORK IS A SAMPLE OF THIS ASSIGNMENT AND REMEMBER IT HAS TWO PARTS.

Evaluate current implementation strategies for telehealth systems and provide an assessment of the pros and cons

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Please, no plagiarized work. I need between 100-120 words for each of the assignment. Also, please provide references under each assignment.

4:1 

Select a defined patient population for example; diabetic patients over 65 years of age. List elements that you think will be valuable in a database. Describe each element and explain each terms of its type of data (text, numbers, date, time, binary, etc.). If an element can be more than one type of data explain how that is possible. Be sure to post an element different from that of your peers.

4:2

Discuss the type of integration data from your defined patient population in Topic 4:1 would require. How could the EHR database facilitate this type of integration between clinical and administration systems

5:1

Select a specific clinical problem and post a clinical question that could potentially be answered using data mining. Identify data mining techniques you would apply to this challenge, and provide your rationale. Are there any specific data mining techniques you would not use? Support your decision.

5:2

Using the clinical question you identified from above, determine the individual components to that question and pinpoint the location in the hypothetical database where the information you require will be extracted.

6:1

A patient of your choice is being discharged to home and will use telehealth technology. Post the technology your patient will use at home and how will you connect with the patient using this technology.

6:2

Consider current telehealth strategies and alternatives. Evaluate current implementation strategies for telehealth systems and provide an assessment of the pros and cons. Identify a particular practice area (e.g., clinic, hospital, primary care site) and discuss how you as a health care leader might you implement a similar strategy in that area?

7:1

Describe one technology that you use on a daily basis that you thoroughly like or appreciate. What features or elements does that technology provide to you that make it easy, enjoyable, or necessary to use? Name one element of the technology you would change to improve its functionality for your needs?

7:2

Describe one technology that you use on a daily basis that you dislike or that is dissatisfying in some manner. What features or elements of that technology make it difficult, frustrating, or not enjoyable to use? Name one element of the technology you would change to improve its functionality for your needs?

8:1

For a specific patient population, select one application or a technology that could effectively increase patient engagement and patient outcomes for your future practice area or work focus. What elements of this application or technology are the most valuable to you? How could you improve this technology?

8:2

Describe how you can apply the spectrum of health care technology options to develop a plan to manage your patient from acute care to home care and then into the community. What organizational, societal, cultural, or other factors might impact your plan, and how could you address these?

Explain and provide an example for each of the following types of variables:

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PSY 315 Statistical Reasoning in Psychology

 

PSY 315 Week 1 Practice Worksheet (***** Correctly Solved All Problems + Table + References *****)

 

Complete the University of Phoenix Material: Week 1 Practice Worksheet.

 

Week 1 Practice Worksheet

 

Provide a response to the following questions. Written responses should be at least 30 to 45 words each.

 

1.      Explain and provide an example for each of the following types of variables:

 

a.       Nominal:

b.      Ordinal:

c.       Interval:

d.      Ratio scale:

e.       Continuous:

f.       Discrete:

 

g.      Quantitative:

 

h.      Qualitative:

 

 

2.      The following are the speeds of 40 cars clocked by radar on a particular road in a 35 miles-per-hour zone on an afternoon:

30, 36, 42, 36, 30, 52, 36, 34, 36, 33, 30, 32, 35, 32, 37, 34, 36, 31, 35, 20

24, 46, 23, 31, 32, 45, 34, 37, 28, 40, 34, 38, 40, 52, 31, 33, 15, 27, 36, 40

Create a frequency table and a histogram. Then, describe the general shape of the distribution.

3.      Raskauskas and Stoltz (2007) asked a group of 84 adolescents about their involvement in traditional and electronic bullying. The researchers defined electronic bullying as “…a means of bullying in which peers use electronics (such as text messages, emails, and defaming Web sites) to taunt, threaten, harass, and/or intimidate a peer” (p. 565). The table below is a frequency table showing the adolescents’ reported incidence of being victims or perpetrators of traditional and electronic bullying.

a.       Using the table below as an example, explain the idea of a frequency table to a person who has never taken a course in statistics.

b.      Explain the general meaning of the pattern of results.

 

Incidence of Traditional and Electronic Bullying and Victimization (N = 84)
Forms of bullying N %
Electronic victims 41 48.8
  Text-message victim 27 32.1
  Internet victim (websites, chatrooms) 13 15.5
  Camera-phone victim 8 9.5
Traditional victims 60 71.4
  Physical victim 38 45.2
  Teasing victim 50 59.5
  Rumors victim 32 38.6
  Exclusion victim 30 50
Electronic bullies 18 21.4
  Text-message bully 18 21.4
  Internet bully 11 13.1
Traditional bullies 54 64.3
  Physical bully 29 34.5
  Teasing bully 38 45.2
  Rumor bully 22 26.2
  Exclusion bully 35 41.7

 

4.      Describe whether each of the following data words best describes descriptive statistics or inferential statistics. Explain your reasoning.

  1. Describe:
  2. Infer:
  3. Summarize:

 

 

5.      Compare the three types of research methods and statistics.

 

 

6.      Regarding gun ownership in the United States, data from Gallup polls over a 40-year period show how gun ownership in the United States has changed. The results are described below, with the percentage of Americans who own guns given in each of the 5 decades.

 

Year %
1972 43
1982 42
1992 48
2002 40
2012 43

 

  1. Are the percentages reported above an example of descriptive statistics or inferential statistics?  Why?
  2. Based on the table, how would you describe the changes in gun ownership in the United States over the 40 years shown?

 

7.      Refer to the Simpson-Southward et al. (2016) article from this week’s electronic readings. Was this an example of inferential statistics and research or descriptive statistics and research? Justify your response.